Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwaMOSFETS, bigabanijwe cyane cyane guhuza MOSFETs hamwe n irembo ryiziritse MOSFETs ibyiciro bibiri, kandi byose bifite N-umuyoboro na P-umuyoboro.
Ibyuma-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, yitwa MOSFET, igabanijwe muburyo bwa depletion MOSFET nubwoko bwa MOSFET.
MOSFET nayo igabanijwemo irembo rimwe hamwe na kaburimbo ebyiri. Amarembo abiri MOSFET afite amarembo abiri yigenga G1 na G2, uhereye ku iyubakwa rihwanye na MOSFETs ebyiri imwe imwe ihujwe ikurikiranye, hamwe nibisohoka muri iki gihe byahinduwe no kugenzura amarembo abiri ya voltage. Ibi biranga amarembo abiri MOSFETs azana ibyoroshye cyane iyo bikoreshejwe nkibikoresho byongera imbaraga, byunguka kugenzura, kuvanga na demodulator.
1, BYINSHIUbwoko n'imiterere
MOSFET ni ubwoko bwa FET (ubundi bwoko ni JFET), burashobora gukorwa muburyo bwongerewe cyangwa bugabanuka, P-umuyoboro cyangwa N-umuyoboro wubwoko bune bwose, ariko ikoreshwa ryuburyo bwa tekinoroji ya N-MOSFET yongerewe imbaraga kandi ikazamura P- umuyoboro MOSFET, mubisanzwe bita NMOS, cyangwa PMOS bivuga ubu bwoko bubiri. Kubijyanye nimpamvu utakoresha depletion ubwoko bwa MOSFETs, ntugire inama yo gushakisha intandaro. Kubireba MOSFETs ebyiri zongerewe imbaraga, zikunze gukoreshwa ni NMOS, impamvu nuko on-resistance ari nto, kandi byoroshye kuyikora. Guhindura amashanyarazi rero hamwe na moteri ya moteri, muri rusange koresha NMOS. amagambo akurikira, ariko kandi ashingiye kuri NMOS menshi. amapine atatu ya capacitance ya MOSFET ya parasitike ibaho hagati yibi bipapuro bitatu, ntabwo aribyo dukeneye, ahubwo biterwa nubushobozi buke bwo gukora. Kubaho kwubushobozi bwa parasitike mugushushanya cyangwa guhitamo umuzenguruko wa drive kugirango ubike umwanya, ariko ntaburyo bwo kwirinda, hanyuma intangiriro irambuye. Igishushanyo mbonera cya MOSFET kirashobora kugaragara, imiyoboro ninkomoko hagati ya parasitike. Ibi byitwa diode yumubiri, mugutwara imizigo yumvikana, iyi diode ni ngombwa cyane. Nukuvugako, diode yumubiri ibaho gusa muri MOSFET imwe, mubisanzwe ntabwo iri imbere muri chip yumuzingi.
2, Ibiranga MOSFET biranga
Akamaro ko gutwara ni nkuguhindura, bihwanye no gufunga ibintu.NMOS ibiranga, Vgs irenze agaciro runaka izakora, ibereye gukoreshwa murubanza iyo isoko yatanzwe (disiki yo hasi), gusa voltage yumuryango irahagera kuri 4V cyangwa 10V.
Ariko, birumvikana, PMOS irashobora koroha cyane kuyikoresha nkumushoferi wohejuru, ariko kubera kurwanywa, guhenze, ubwoko buke bwo guhanahana nizindi mpamvu, mumushoferi wohejuru, mubisanzwe aracyakoresha NMOS.
3, BYINSHIGuhindura igihombo
Yaba NMOS cyangwa PMOS, nyuma yo kurwanya-kubaho ibaho, kugirango umuyaga uzatwara ingufu mururwo rugamba, iki gice cyingufu zikoreshwa cyitwa igihombo cyo kurwanya. Guhitamo MOSFET hamwe na bike kurwanywa bizagabanya igihombo cyo kurwanya. Ubusanzwe imbaraga nkeya MOSFET on-resistance mubisanzwe ni miriyoni mirongo, miliohms nkeya. MOS mugihe cyagenwe no guhagarikwa, ntigomba kuba mukurangiza ako kanya voltage hejuru ya MOS hariho inzira yo kugwa, ikigezweho gitemba inzira yo kuzamuka, muriki gihe, gutakaza MOSFET ni ibicuruzwa bya voltage nibigezweho byitwa guhomba. Mubisanzwe igihombo cyo guhinduranya ni kinini cyane kuruta gutakaza imiyoboro, kandi byihuse guhinduranya inshuro, niko igihombo kinini. Igicuruzwa kinini cya voltage nubu mugihe cyo gutwara kigizwe nigihombo kinini. Kugabanya igihe cyo guhinduranya bigabanya igihombo kuri buri kiyobora; kugabanya guhinduranya inshuro bigabanya umubare woguhindura kumwanya wigihe. Inzira zombi zirashobora kugabanya igihombo cyo guhinduka.
4, disiki ya MOSFET
Ugereranije na bipolar transistors, bikunze gufatwa ko ntamashanyarazi asabwa kugirango MOSFET yitware, gusa ko ingufu za GS ziri hejuru yagaciro runaka. Ibi biroroshye gukora, ariko, natwe dukeneye umuvuduko. Mu miterere ya MOSFET urashobora kubona ko hari ubushobozi bwa parasitike hagati ya GS, GD, hamwe no gutwara MOSFET, mubyukuri, kwishyuza no gusohora ubushobozi. Kwishyuza capacitor bisaba umuyoboro, kandi kuva kwishyuza capacitor ako kanya birashobora kugaragara nkumuzunguruko mugufi, umuyoboro uhita uzaba mwinshi. Guhitamo / igishushanyo cya MOSFET itwara ikintu cya mbere ugomba kwitondera nubunini bwumwanya muto-wumuzunguruko ushobora gutangwa. Ikintu cya kabiri ugomba kwitondera ni uko, muri rusange bikoreshwa muri disikuru yo mu rwego rwo hejuru NMOS, kubisabwa ni voltage yumuryango iruta imbaraga za voltage. Ikinyabiziga cyo hejuru cyane MOS itwara isoko ya voltage na voltage ya drain (VCC) kimwe, nuko voltage yumuryango kuruta VCC 4V cyangwa 10V. dufate ko muri sisitemu imwe, kugirango tubone voltage nini kuruta VCC, dukeneye umuzenguruko udasanzwe. Abashoferi benshi bafite moteri ihuriweho na pompe, kugirango witondere igomba guhitamo ubushobozi bwo hanze, kugirango ubone amashanyarazi ahagije yo gutwara MOSFET. 4V cyangwa 10V byavuzwe haruguru bikoreshwa cyane MOSFET kuri voltage, igishushanyo birumvikana, gukenera kugira intera runaka. Iyo hejuru ya voltage, niko byihuta kuri leta yihuta kandi bikagabanuka kuri leta. Mubisanzwe hariho na ntoya kuri leta ya voltage MOSFETs ikoreshwa mubyiciro bitandukanye, ariko muri sisitemu ya elegitoroniki ya 12V yimodoka, 4V isanzwe kuri leta irahagije.
Ibipimo nyamukuru bya MOSFET nibi bikurikira:
1. amarembo yinkomoko yameneka voltage BVGS - murwego rwo kongera ingufu zamashanyarazi yumuryango, kugirango amarembo agezweho ya IG kuva kuri zeru kugirango atangire kwiyongera gukabije muri VGS, izwi kwizina rya soko yameneka voltage BVGS.
2. kuzimya voltage VT - kuzimya voltage (bizwi kandi nka voltage yinjirira): kora isoko S na drain D hagati yintangiriro yumuyoboro utwara ibice bigize voltage yumuryango usabwa; - bisanzwe N-umuyoboro MOSFET, VT ni 3 ~ 6V; - nyuma yuburyo bwo kwitezimbere, irashobora gukora MOSFET VT agaciro kugeza kuri 2 ~ 3V.
3. Drain breakdown voltage BVDS - ukurikije imiterere ya VGS = 0 (ishimangiwe), mugikorwa cyo kongera ingufu za drain kugirango indangamuntu itangire kwiyongera kuburyo bugaragara mugihe VDS yitwa voltage breakdown voltage BVDS - ID yiyongereye cyane kubera ibintu bibiri bikurikira:
(1) gusenyuka kwa avalanche kumurongo wa depletion hafi ya electrode ya drain
. , kugirango umuyoboro uburebure bwa zeru, ni ukuvuga, hagati yumuyoboro w-isoko winjira, winjira, akarere kavukire ka benshi mubatwara, akarere kavukire, bizahita bihanganira igabanuka ryikwirakwizwa ryumuriro wumuriro wamashanyarazi, kugera mukarere kamenetse, bikavamo indangamuntu nini.
4 5.
5. transconductance gm nkeya muri VDS kubiciro byagenwe byimiterere, microvariance yumuyaga wamazi hamwe na microvariance yumuryango wamarembo yatewe niyi mpinduka yitwa transconductance gm, byerekana kugenzura imiyoboro yumuriro wamarembo kuri imiyoboro y'amazi ni ukugaragaza ko MOSFET yongerewe imbaraga yibintu byingenzi, mubisanzwe murwego rwa bike kugeza kuri mA / V. MOSFET irashobora kurenga 1010Ω.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-14-2024
