Nkuguhindura ibintu, MOSFET na IGBT bikunze kugaragara mumashanyarazi. Birasa kandi mubigaragara nibiranga ibipimo. Nizera ko abantu benshi bazibaza impamvu imirongo imwe ikeneye gukoresha MOSFET, mugihe abandi babikora. IGBT?
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yabo? Ibikurikira,Olukeyazasubiza ibibazo byawe!
Niki aBYINSHI?
MOSFET, izina ryuzuye ryigishinwa nicyuma-oxyde semiconductor field effect transistor. Kuberako irembo ryumurima wimikorere ya transistor itandukanijwe nigice cyiziritse, byitwa kandi inzitizi yumuryango wimikorere ya transistor. MOSFET irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: "N-ubwoko" na "P-ubwoko" ukurikije polarite y "umuyoboro" (umutwara ukora), ubusanzwe nanone yitwa N MOSFET na P MOSFET.
MOSFET ubwayo ifite diode yayo ya parasitike, ikoreshwa mukubuza MOSFET gutwika mugihe VDD irenze voltage. Kuberako mbere yumuriro mwinshi utera kwangirika kuri MOSFET, diode isubira inyuma hanyuma ikayobora umuyaga munini hasi, bityo bikabuza MOSFET gutwikwa.
IGBT ni iki?
IGBT (Irembo rya Bipolar Transistor) ni igikoresho gikomatanya igice kigizwe na transistor na MOSFET.
Ibimenyetso byumuzingi wa IGBT ntabwo bihujwe kugeza ubu. Iyo ushushanya igishushanyo mbonera, ibimenyetso bya triode na MOSFET muri rusange bitizwa. Muri iki gihe, urashobora kumenya niba ari IGBT cyangwa MOSFET uhereye ku cyitegererezo cyerekanwe ku gishushanyo mbonera.
Mugihe kimwe, ugomba kandi kwitondera niba IGBT ifite diode yumubiri. Niba itashyizweho ikimenyetso, ntabwo bivuze ko itabaho. Keretse niba amakuru yemewe abivuga ukundi, iyi diode irahari. Umubiri wa diode imbere muri IGBT ntabwo ari parasitike, ahubwo washyizweho byumwihariko kugirango urinde impinduka zoroshye zihanganira ingufu za IGBT. Yitwa kandi FWD (diode yubusa).
Imiterere y'imbere muri yombi iratandukanye
Inkingi eshatu za MOSFET ni isoko (S), imiyoboro (D) n'irembo (G).
Inkingi eshatu za IGBT ni ikusanya (C), emitter (E) n'irembo (G).
IGBT yubatswe mukongeramo urwego rwinyongera kumazi ya MOSFET. Imiterere yimbere niyi ikurikira:
Porogaramu imirima yabiri iratandukanye
Imiterere yimbere ya MOSFET na IGBT iratandukanye, igena imirima yabo.
Bitewe nimiterere ya MOSFET, mubisanzwe irashobora kugera kumuyoboro munini, ushobora kugera kuri KA, ariko imbaraga za préquisite voltage kwihanganira ntabwo zikomeye nka IGBT. Ahantu h’ingenzi hashyirwa ingufu ni uguhindura ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ballast, gushyushya induction yumuriro mwinshi, imashini zogosha za inverter nyinshi, imashini zitumanaho nizindi nzego zitanga amashanyarazi menshi.
IGBT irashobora gutanga imbaraga nyinshi, ikigezweho na voltage, ariko inshuro ntabwo ari ndende cyane. Kugeza ubu, umuvuduko ukomeye wo guhindura IGBT urashobora kugera kuri 100KHZ. IGBT ikoreshwa cyane mumashini yo gusudira, inverter, guhinduranya imirongo, amashanyarazi ya electrolytike, amashanyarazi ya ultrasonic induction hamwe nizindi nzego.
Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya MOSFET na IGBT
MOSFET ifite ibiranga ibintu byinjira byinjira cyane, umuvuduko wihuse, umuvuduko mwiza wumuriro, imbaraga za voltage igenzura, nibindi. Mubizunguruka, birashobora gukoreshwa nka amplifier, ibyuma bya elegitoronike nibindi bikorwa.
Nubwoko bushya bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, IGBT ifite ibiranga ibintu byinjira byinjira cyane, gukoresha ingufu nke zo kugenzura ingufu, gukoresha imiyoboro yoroshye yo kugenzura, guhangana n’umuriro mwinshi, no kwihanganira ibintu byinshi, kandi byakoreshejwe cyane mu mashanyarazi atandukanye.
Inzira nziza ihwanye na IGBT irerekanwa mumashusho hepfo. IGBT mubyukuri ni ihuriro rya MOSFET na transistor. MOSFET ifite ibibi byo hejuru-birwanya, ariko IGBT itsinze iyi nenge. IGBT iracyafite imbaraga nke kuri-resistance kuri voltage nyinshi. .
Muri rusange, ibyiza bya MOSFET ni uko ifite imiterere-yumurongo mwiza kandi irashobora gukora kuri frequence ya kHz amagana na MHz. Ingaruka ni uko kuri-kurwanya ari nini kandi gukoresha ingufu ni nini mu muvuduko mwinshi hamwe n’ibihe bigezweho. IGBT ikora neza mugihe gito kandi nimbaraga nyinshi, hamwe na bike kuri-birwanya hamwe na voltage nyinshi.
Hitamo MOSFET cyangwa IGBT
Mumuzunguruko, niba guhitamo MOSFET nkumuyoboro wamashanyarazi cyangwa IGBT nikibazo abajenjeri bakunze guhura nacyo. Niba ibintu nka voltage, ibyubu, hamwe nimbaraga zo guhindura sisitemu byitabweho, ingingo zikurikira zirashobora kuvugwa muri make:
Abantu bakunze kubaza bati: "Ese MOSFET cyangwa IGBT ni byiza?" Mubyukuri, nta tandukaniro ryiza cyangwa ribi hagati yibi byombi. Ikintu cyingenzi nukubona ishyirwa mubikorwa ryacyo.
Niba ugifite ibibazo bijyanye no gutandukanya MOSFET na IGBT, urashobora guhamagara Olukey kugirango ubone ibisobanuro birambuye.
Olukey akwirakwiza cyane WINSOK iciriritse na voltage nkeya MOSFET. Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za gisirikare, ku kibaho cy’abashoferi ba LED / LCD, ikibaho cy’abashoferi, kwishyuza byihuse, itabi rya elegitoronike, monitor ya LCD, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byo mu rugo bito, ibikoreshwa mu buvuzi, n'ibicuruzwa bya Bluetooth. Umunzani wa elegitoronike, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibicuruzwa byurusobe, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho bya mudasobwa nibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya digitale.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-18-2023
