MOSFET ni kimwe mu bice by'ibanze mu nganda ziciriritse.Muburyo bwa elegitoronike, MOSFET isanzwe ikoreshwa mumashanyarazi yongerera ingufu cyangwa guhinduranya amashanyarazi kandi ikoreshwa cyane.Hasi,OLUKEYizaguha ibisobanuro birambuye byihame ryakazi rya MOSFET no gusesengura imiterere yimbere ya MOSFET.
NikiBYINSHI
MOSFET, Metal Oxide Semiconductor Filed Effect Transistor (MOSFET).Nibikorwa byumurima tristoriste ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mumirongo igereranya hamwe na sisitemu ya sisitemu.Ukurikije itandukaniro rya polarite y "umuyoboro" (umutwara ukora), irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: "N-ubwoko" na "P-bwoko", bakunze kwita NMOS na PMOS.
Ihame ryakazi ryinshi
MOSFET irashobora kugabanwa muburyo bwo kuzamura nubwoko bwa depletion ukurikije uburyo bwakazi.Ubwoko bwo kuzamura bivuga MOSFET mugihe nta voltage ibogamye ikoreshwa kandi nta conumuyoboro.Ubwoko bwa depletion bivuga MOSFET mugihe nta voltage ibogamye ikoreshwa.Umuyoboro uyobora uzagaragara.
Mubikorwa nyabyo, hariho ubwoko bwa N-umuyoboro wogutezimbere na P-umuyoboro wubwoko bwa MOSFETs.Kubera ko NMOSFETs ifite imbaraga nkeya kuri reta kandi byoroshye kuyikora, NMOS irasanzwe kuruta PMOS mubikorwa bifatika.
Uburyo bwo kuzamura MOSFET
Hano haribintu bibiri bisubira inyuma PN ihuza imiyoboro ya D nisoko S yo kuzamura-uburyo MOSFET.Iyo irembo-isoko ya voltage VGS = 0, kabone niyo hongerwaho imiyoboro ya soko-ya voltage VDS yongeyeho, burigihe habaho ihuriro rya PN muburyo bubogamye, kandi ntamuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro nisoko (ntamazi atemba) ).Kubwibyo, imiyoboro y'amazi ID = 0 muriki gihe.
Muri iki gihe, niba imbere ya voltage yongeweho hagati y irembo nisoko.Nukuvuga, VGS> 0, hanyuma umurima wamashanyarazi hamwe n irembo rihujwe na P-silicon substrate izabyara mugice cya insuline ya SiO2 hagati ya electrode yumuryango na substrate ya silicon.Kuberako igice cya oxyde kirimo, voltage VGS ikoreshwa kumarembo ntishobora gutanga amashanyarazi.Imashini ikorwa ku mpande zombi za oxyde, kandi VGS ihwanye n’umuzunguruko yishyuza iyi capacitor (capacitor).Kandi ubyare amashanyarazi, nkuko VGS izamuka buhoro, ikururwa na voltage nziza yumuryango.Umubare munini wa electron zegeranya kurundi ruhande rwiyi capacitori (capacitor) hanyuma ugakora umuyoboro wa N wo mu bwoko bwa N uva mumazi ujya isoko.Iyo VGS irenze kuri voltage ya VT ya tube (muri rusange hafi 2V), umuyoboro wa N-umuyoboro utangira gukora, utanga indangamuntu ya drain.Twise irembo-isoko ya voltage iyo umuyoboro utangiye kubyara amashanyarazi.Mubisanzwe bigaragazwa nka VT.
Kugenzura ingano yumuryango wa voltage VGS ihindura imbaraga cyangwa intege nke zumuriro wamashanyarazi, ningaruka zo kugenzura ingano yindangamuntu ya drain irashobora kugerwaho.Iki nacyo ni ikintu cyingenzi kiranga MOSFETs ikoresha amashanyarazi kugirango igenzure ikigezweho, bityo nabo bita transistors yumurima.
Imiterere yimbere
Kuri P-ubwoko bwa silicon substrate hamwe nubushuhe buke, hashyizweho uturere tubiri twa N + dufite umwanda mwinshi, kandi electrode ebyiri zivanwa muri aluminium yicyuma kugirango zibe imiyoboro ya d nisoko s.Noneho igice cya semiconductor gitwikiriwe na dioxyde de silicon yoroheje cyane (SiO2), hanyuma electrode ya aluminiyumu igashyirwa kumurongo wa insuline hagati yumuyoboro nisoko kugirango ikore nk'irembo g.Electrode B nayo yashushanijwe kuri substrate, ikora N-umuyoboro wongera-uburyo MOSFET.Kimwe nukuri kumiterere yimbere ya P-umuyoboro wongera-MOSFETs.
N-umuyoboro MOSFET na P-umuyoboro MOSFET ibimenyetso byumuzunguruko
Ishusho hejuru irerekana ikimenyetso cyumuzingi wa MOSFET.Ku ishusho, D ni imiyoboro, S ni isoko, G ni irembo, naho umwambi uri hagati ugereranya substrate.Niba umwambi werekeza imbere, byerekana N-umuyoboro MOSFET, kandi niba umwambi werekeza hanze, byerekana P-umuyoboro MOSFET.
Kabiri N-umuyoboro MOSFET, ibiri P-umuyoboro MOSFET na N + P-umuyoboro MOSFET ibimenyetso byumuzunguruko
Mubyukuri, mugihe cyogukora MOSFET, substrate ihujwe nisoko mbere yo kuva muruganda.Kubwibyo, mumategeko ya symbology, ikimenyetso cyumwambi kigereranya substrate nacyo kigomba guhuzwa nisoko kugirango gitandukanye imiyoboro ninkomoko.Polarite ya voltage ikoreshwa na MOSFET isa na tristoriste gakondo.N-umuyoboro usa na transistor ya NPN.Imiyoboro D ihujwe na electrode nziza kandi isoko S ihujwe na electrode mbi.Iyo irembo G rifite voltage nziza, hashyirwaho umuyoboro uyobora kandi N-umuyoboro MOSFET utangira gukora.Muri ubwo buryo, umuyoboro wa P urasa na tristoriste ya PNP.Imiyoboro D ihujwe na electrode itari nziza, isoko S ihuzwa na electrode nziza, kandi iyo irembo G rifite voltage itari nziza, hashyirwaho umuyoboro uyobora kandi P-umuyoboro MOSFET utangira gukora.
MOSFET ihindura igihombo ihame
Yaba NMOS cyangwa PMOS, hariho imbaraga zo kurwanya imbere zakozwe nyuma yo gufungura, kugirango umuyaga uzatwara ingufu kuriyi myigaragambyo y'imbere.Iki gice cyingufu zikoreshwa cyitwa gukoresha imiyoboro.Guhitamo MOSFET hamwe nuduce duto two kurwanya imbere bizagabanya neza gukoresha imiyoboro.Kurwanya imbere kwimbere kwimbaraga nke MOSFETs mubusanzwe hafi ya milioni icumi, kandi hariho na miliohms nyinshi.
Iyo MOS ifunguye ikarangira, ntigomba kugerwaho mukanya.Umuvuduko kumpande zombi za MOS uzagabanuka neza, kandi numuyoboro unyuramo uzagira kwiyongera.Muri iki gihe, igihombo cya MOSFET nigicuruzwa cya voltage nubu, nicyo gihombo cyo guhinduranya.Muri rusange, guhindura igihombo ni binini cyane kuruta igihombo cyo gutwara, kandi byihuse guhinduranya inshuro, niko igihombo kinini.
Ibicuruzwa bya voltage nubu mugihe cyo gutwara ni binini cyane, bivamo igihombo kinini.Guhindura igihombo birashobora kugabanuka muburyo bubiri.Imwe ni ukugabanya igihe cyo guhinduranya, gishobora kugabanya neza igihombo muri buri gufungura;ikindi ni ukugabanya inshuro zo guhinduranya, zishobora kugabanya umubare woguhindura kumwanya wigihe.
Ibyavuzwe haruguru nibisobanuro birambuye byerekana igishushanyo mbonera cyakazi cya MOSFET no gusesengura imiterere yimbere ya MOSFET.Kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri MOSFET, ikaze kugisha inama OLUKEY kugirango iguhe inkunga ya tekinike ya MOSFET!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-16-2023
