MOSFET, ngufi kuri Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, nigikoresho cyimyanya itatu ya semiconductor ikoresha ingufu zumuriro wamashanyarazi kugirango igenzure imigendekere yumuriro. Hasi ni incamake yibanze ya MOSFET:
1. Ibisobanuro no gutondekanya
- Igisobanuro: MOSFET nigikoresho cya semiconductor igenzura umuyoboro uyobora imiyoboro yamazi nisoko uhindura voltage yumuryango. Irembo ryiziritse ku isoko kandi rigatwarwa nigice cyibikoresho byiziritse (mubisanzwe dioxyde de silicon), niyo mpamvu bizwi kandi nka tristoriste yumuryango.
- Gutondekanya: MOSFETs yashyizwe mubikorwa ukurikije ubwoko bwumuyoboro uyobora n'ingaruka za voltage yumuryango:
- N-umuyoboro na P-umuyoboro MOSFETS: Ukurikije ubwoko bwumuyoboro.
- Gutezimbere-uburyo na Depletion-moderi MOSFETS: Ukurikije imbaraga za voltage yumuryango kumuyoboro uyobora. Kubwibyo, MOSFETs yashyizwe mubyiciro bine: N-umuyoboro wogutezimbere-uburyo, N-umuyoboro wa depletion-uburyo, P-umuyoboro wongera-uburyo, na P-umuyoboro wa depletion-uburyo.
2. Imiterere n'ihame ry'akazi
- Imiterere: MOSFET igizwe nibice bitatu byingenzi: irembo (G), imiyoboro (D), nisoko (S). Kuri substrate yoroheje ya semiconductor substrate, isoko yuzuye cyane hamwe nuduce twa drain byakozwe hakoreshejwe tekinoroji yo gutunganya igice. Utu turere dutandukanijwe nigice cyiziritse, hejuru ya electrode y irembo.
- Ihame ryakazi: Gufata N-umuyoboro wogutezimbere-uburyo bwa MOSFET nkurugero, mugihe voltage yumuryango ari zeru, ntamuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro nisoko, kuburyo ntamashanyarazi ashobora gutemba. Iyo voltage yumuryango yiyongereye kugera kumurongo runaka (byitwa "kuzimya voltage" cyangwa "voltage yumubyigano"), igipande cyiziritse munsi y irembo gikurura electron ziva muri substrate kugirango zibe urwego ruhinduka (N-ubwoko bworoshye) , gukora umuyoboro uyobora. Ibi bituma imiyoboro itemba hagati yamazi nisoko. Ubugari bwuyu muyoboro uyobora, hamwe numuyoboro wamazi, bigenwa nubunini bwumuriro wamarembo.
3. Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga
- Kwinjira kwinshi Kwinjira: Kubera ko irembo ryakingiwe kuva isoko no gutwarwa nigice cyiziritse, inzitizi yo kwinjiza MOSFET ni ndende cyane, bigatuma ikwiranye nizunguruka nyinshi.
- Urusaku Ruto: MOSFETs itanga urusaku ruto ugereranije mugihe ikora, bigatuma iba nziza kumuzunguruko ufite urusaku rukomeye.
- Ubushyuhe bwiza bwubushyuhe: MOSFETs ifite ituze ryiza ryumuriro kandi irashobora gukora neza murwego rwubushyuhe bwinshi.
- Gukoresha ingufu nke: MOSFETs ikoresha imbaraga nke cyane muri leta zombi ndetse no hanze yacyo, bigatuma zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi make.
- Umuvuduko mwinshi wo guhinduranya: Kuba ibikoresho bigenzurwa na voltage, MOSFETs itanga umuvuduko wihuse, bigatuma iba nziza kumuzinga mwinshi.
4. Ahantu ho gusaba
MOSFETs ikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi atandukanye, cyane cyane mumuzunguruko, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho byitumanaho, na mudasobwa. Bakora nkibice byibanze mumuzunguruko, guhinduranya imirongo, kugenzura imiyoboro ya voltage, nibindi byinshi, bifasha imirimo nko kongera ibimenyetso, kugenzura, no guhagarika imbaraga za voltage.
Muncamake, MOSFET nigikoresho cyingenzi cya semiconductor gifite imiterere yihariye nibiranga imikorere myiza. Ifite uruhare runini mumuzunguruko wa elegitoronike mubice byinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-22-2024
